Lesson 10
Beginner
Beginner
Winter Clothes
Brrrr! Why didn't anyone tell me it gets so cold in Istanbul? Better go shopping to survive the winter. In this lesson, we cover the accusative: that pesky little suffix that marks specific direct objects.
Psst! Want to access
everything in this lesson?
everything in this lesson?
Traci
I ABSOLUTELY HATE THIS SUFFIX. haha jk. ive had the hardest time using correctly though. thanks so much for this lesson.
Apr 01, 2013
Justin
Yeah, it takes some getting used to. If it makes you feel better, accidentally missing it or adding it will never really lead to someone misunderstanding you. Just keep at it and eventually it will feel as natural as saying "the" in English.
(Though remember, the accusative is NOT the equivalent of English "the" - the word also has to be the direct object of the sentence.)
(Though remember, the accusative is NOT the equivalent of English "the" - the word also has to be the direct object of the sentence.)
Raoul
'Bu ceketi çok sevdim'
Has been translated as
'I really like this jacket'.
Sevdim is grammatically past tense though, but I know somtimes past tense is used while meaning present tense.
Can someone comment on this please, when you use past while meaning present tense?
Should one conclude from context what is meant?
And isen't it more clear to use 'seviyorum' .
Has been translated as
'I really like this jacket'.
Sevdim is grammatically past tense though, but I know somtimes past tense is used while meaning present tense.
Can someone comment on this please, when you use past while meaning present tense?
Should one conclude from context what is meant?
And isen't it more clear to use 'seviyorum' .
Aylin
Good question - and you're right. Turkish sometimes uses past tense where English uses present. Another example:
anladım = I understand
beğendim = I like
kızdım = I am angry
Conceptually, Turks are referring to the moment in which they started feeling something. So, in the case of sevdim, I liked it when I saw it, and I'm still liking it now.
There's no hard rule, but the past tense in these cases is used to refer to the event of liking or understanding or getting angry, whereas a present tense usage refers to a more general feeling. Bu ceketi seviyorum, then, means something like I love this jacket, whereas bu ceketi sevdim means something like "I just formed a favorable opinion on this jacket."
Hope that helps :)
anladım = I understand
beğendim = I like
kızdım = I am angry
Conceptually, Turks are referring to the moment in which they started feeling something. So, in the case of sevdim, I liked it when I saw it, and I'm still liking it now.
There's no hard rule, but the past tense in these cases is used to refer to the event of liking or understanding or getting angry, whereas a present tense usage refers to a more general feeling. Bu ceketi seviyorum, then, means something like I love this jacket, whereas bu ceketi sevdim means something like "I just formed a favorable opinion on this jacket."
Hope that helps :)
Raoul
Thanks, yes it helps, it is quite a good explanation, which I couldn't encounter in the books!
Öğrenci
If possible, could you add a list of common accusative verbs? I've gotten used to a a fair amount of them (görmek, sevmek, etc...) but a more exhaustive list would be very helpful as a reference.
Justin
Sure! We'll do a lesson on verbs that take accusative, dative, etc. soon and make sure to include a list.
By default, you should usually assume that verbs force the accusative on their objects unless you specifically learn otherwise.
By default, you should usually assume that verbs force the accusative on their objects unless you specifically learn otherwise.
Öğrenci
Hi
I am enjoying these lessons - thank you. But did I miss the section where you used a tense that had 'mem' in the middle of the word? Gitmemiz - for example which I think was used in the review section. Can you explain this or point me to a lesson where it is?
Also some of the vocabulary that you use in the review is not always covered in the 'vocab' section - so whilst I love what you are doing - I am finding it a little tough.....
I am enjoying these lessons - thank you. But did I miss the section where you used a tense that had 'mem' in the middle of the word? Gitmemiz - for example which I think was used in the review section. Can you explain this or point me to a lesson where it is?
Also some of the vocabulary that you use in the review is not always covered in the 'vocab' section - so whilst I love what you are doing - I am finding it a little tough.....
Justin
Merhaba! Good question :)
Gitmemiz actually breaks down like this: gitme + imiz
"Gitme" is the short infinitive - a noun form of the verb "to go." In English, we would say "going." That -imiz is the same you see in something like "kedimiz" - our cat. So "gitmemiz" is "our going."
Check out the first language point in this lesson: https://turkishteatime.com/lesson/86/#languagepoints.
That's a good point about the vocabulary that others have mentioned. We've begin to be more careful about that. We'll also be adding a dictionary to the site so you can look up anything quickly.
Gitmemiz actually breaks down like this: gitme + imiz
"Gitme" is the short infinitive - a noun form of the verb "to go." In English, we would say "going." That -imiz is the same you see in something like "kedimiz" - our cat. So "gitmemiz" is "our going."
Check out the first language point in this lesson: https://turkishteatime.com/lesson/86/#languagepoints.
That's a good point about the vocabulary that others have mentioned. We've begin to be more careful about that. We'll also be adding a dictionary to the site so you can look up anything quickly.
nur
Thank you so much you are making my life much easier :)
Frank
What a great group Hepsi (in the Fun Section) !
Öğrenci, Eva
I have some problems to hear the difference between postiv an negativ verb, when using the short infintiv:
for example:
positiv: gitmemiz" is "our going."
and the negativ forms: "our not going" ...is it: gitmememiz?
for example:
positiv: gitmemiz" is "our going."
and the negativ forms: "our not going" ...is it: gitmememiz?
Justin
Yes, that's right. A little weird at first, right?
I think the best way to understand this is to realize that there are such things as negative infinitives:
gitmek = to go
gitmemek = to not go
almak = to take
almamak = to not take
So, in this case, we treat the short infinitive as "gitmeme" - to not go. "Our not going" = gitmeme + imiz = gitmememiz. Just like you said.
Here's an example of how this is actually used:
Gitmemeni istiyorum.
I want you to not go.
I think the best way to understand this is to realize that there are such things as negative infinitives:
gitmek = to go
gitmemek = to not go
almak = to take
almamak = to not take
So, in this case, we treat the short infinitive as "gitmeme" - to not go. "Our not going" = gitmeme + imiz = gitmememiz. Just like you said.
Here's an example of how this is actually used:
Gitmemeni istiyorum.
I want you to not go.
Öğrenci, Eva
Thanks a lot - now I see clearly.
Important phrase:
Gitmemeni istiyorum. = I want you to NOT go.
Hope you wil do much more of this very helpfull lessons!
Important phrase:
Gitmemeni istiyorum. = I want you to NOT go.
Hope you wil do much more of this very helpfull lessons!
Öğrenci
"Bu ceketi almak istiyorum ama önce şu iki cekete bakalım." E suffixi lütfen anlatabilirmisiniz? Teşekkür ederim
Öğrenci
Plase explain what's wrong with these:
Senin almayın lazım. Hadi bunu al!
Evet kalitesi iyi değil.
Çantayı çok renkli.
Senin almayın lazım. Hadi bunu al!
Evet kalitesi iyi değil.
Çantayı çok renkli.
Justin
Good question. Most Turkish verbs force an accusative (-i) suffix on their direct objects. However, there are some that force their objects to take other suffixes, like the dative (-e) or ablative (-den).
Bakmak is one of the verbs that forces a dative instead of an accusative. Think of it as "to look TO" something. This is in line with the function of the dative, which is to convey direction towards something.
Bakmak is one of the verbs that forces a dative instead of an accusative. Think of it as "to look TO" something. This is in line with the function of the dative, which is to convey direction towards something.
Justin
1. Check the lazım construction (in the language points).
2. Grammatically fine, but does it make sense in response to the prompt?
3. That looks like an accusative suffix on çanta. Go back and review the first paragraph in the language points and report back in if it's still too tricky. :)
2. Grammatically fine, but does it make sense in response to the prompt?
3. That looks like an accusative suffix on çanta. Go back and review the first paragraph in the language points and report back in if it's still too tricky. :)
Öğrenci
I c ......so "e" suffix doesn't really related to this lesson then.. Could you please tell in which previous lesson this rule explained. Thanks a lot.
Öğrenci
Senin alman lazım?
2 nd well logic is arguable here to me... I could totally picture myself saying to a friend - well it is expansive and also on top of that doesn't look like a quality one...either way I would rather practice in turkish than logic doing this exercise.
3. What's wrong with accusative suffix? Rnt we talking about same bag?
2 nd well logic is arguable here to me... I could totally picture myself saying to a friend - well it is expansive and also on top of that doesn't look like a quality one...either way I would rather practice in turkish than logic doing this exercise.
3. What's wrong with accusative suffix? Rnt we talking about same bag?
Justin
1. Yep, good!
2. I think it's important to sometimes step back from constantly honing in on and parsing the grammar to make sure we are understanding the meaning of what we read in context. I see your point, but I think it's clear out of those four, which is the best answer.
3. In order for a word to take the accusative suffix, the word must be the direct object of a verb. "Çantayı çok renkli" is a verbless sentence - since there's no verb, we can't have a direct object (and therefore, no accusative). The correct sentence would just be "Çanta çok renkli."
4. (re: -e) I know we have something in a language points section somewhere, but I'm failing to find it at the moment. That's okay - it's simple: instead of forcing the accusative, some verbs force the dative or ablative on their objects. For example:
-den nefret etmek: Senden nefret ediyorum. (I hate you.)
-e bakmak: Sana baktım. (I saw you.)
This is purely a property of the verbs that just has to be memorized. I wouldn't worry about it too much - it will come naturally as you spend more time with Turkish. But now when you see it, you'll know what it is! :)
2. I think it's important to sometimes step back from constantly honing in on and parsing the grammar to make sure we are understanding the meaning of what we read in context. I see your point, but I think it's clear out of those four, which is the best answer.
3. In order for a word to take the accusative suffix, the word must be the direct object of a verb. "Çantayı çok renkli" is a verbless sentence - since there's no verb, we can't have a direct object (and therefore, no accusative). The correct sentence would just be "Çanta çok renkli."
4. (re: -e) I know we have something in a language points section somewhere, but I'm failing to find it at the moment. That's okay - it's simple: instead of forcing the accusative, some verbs force the dative or ablative on their objects. For example:
-den nefret etmek: Senden nefret ediyorum. (I hate you.)
-e bakmak: Sana baktım. (I saw you.)
This is purely a property of the verbs that just has to be memorized. I wouldn't worry about it too much - it will come naturally as you spend more time with Turkish. But now when you see it, you'll know what it is! :)
Caroline
Gosh, the speaking exercise is hard! Are you sure this is beginner level?! Just a couple of questions:
1. What is the verb in number 9 - the one after "siz + katılmak"? I think I hear "ıssıtmak" but can't find this in my dictionary.
2. In numbers 15 and 17, we twice have the expression "right now" but these are translated differently in the sentences. I think I can hear something like "Onun ma hemen ..." in 15, but I can't make out the beginning of 17 at all.
And speaking of dictionaries - your dictionary link at the bottom of the page seems to have done a disappearing act!
And a little suggestion - can we please have the special Turkish characters on the discussion pages?
Many thanks!
1. What is the verb in number 9 - the one after "siz + katılmak"? I think I hear "ıssıtmak" but can't find this in my dictionary.
2. In numbers 15 and 17, we twice have the expression "right now" but these are translated differently in the sentences. I think I can hear something like "Onun ma hemen ..." in 15, but I can't make out the beginning of 17 at all.
And speaking of dictionaries - your dictionary link at the bottom of the page seems to have done a disappearing act!
And a little suggestion - can we please have the special Turkish characters on the discussion pages?
Many thanks!
Justin
Merhaba Caroline! They are pretty tough - don't let them frustrate you.
1. ısıtmak - to warm up or to heat. I think we did this lesson in the winter, but that was probably not the best beginner vocab to use.
2. Good catch. In the first one:
Onunla hemen buluşmamız lazım.
We need to meet her right now.
, we use "hemen" to say "right now" in the sense that "we need to meet her immediately." Some more examples with hemen:
Hemen çık!
Get out right now!
Biz hemen gitmeliyiz.
We should go immediately (right now).
In 17, the sentence is:
Şu anda bir bilgisayar alman lazım mı?
Do you need to buy a computer right now?
Here, we're using the more direct translation for "right now." Şu anda is literally "at this moment," and is basically interchangeable with "şimdi" to express the present moment.
After listening to the exercises, you're right that we probably spoke too fast and made them a little more challenging than necessary.
1. ısıtmak - to warm up or to heat. I think we did this lesson in the winter, but that was probably not the best beginner vocab to use.
2. Good catch. In the first one:
Onunla hemen buluşmamız lazım.
We need to meet her right now.
, we use "hemen" to say "right now" in the sense that "we need to meet her immediately." Some more examples with hemen:
Hemen çık!
Get out right now!
Biz hemen gitmeliyiz.
We should go immediately (right now).
In 17, the sentence is:
Şu anda bir bilgisayar alman lazım mı?
Do you need to buy a computer right now?
Here, we're using the more direct translation for "right now." Şu anda is literally "at this moment," and is basically interchangeable with "şimdi" to express the present moment.
After listening to the exercises, you're right that we probably spoke too fast and made them a little more challenging than necessary.
Can
I'm wondering if the word şık is borrowed from the French "chic" ?
Justin
Merhaba Can! Yep, that's definitely where it came from. Turkish borrows a lot of words from French.
Öğrenci
The speaking part is not working! Bana yardim edebilir miyim??
Maciek
and once again: in Dialogue is: "Bu hafta sonu bayram". Is it necessary to add "var" at the end? Should "bayram" be written in capital letter only when bayram is specified?
Justin
Not necessary, though it does create a perfectly acceptable, slightly different sentence.
"Bu hafta sonu bayram." - This weekend is bayram.
"Bu hafta sonu bayram var." - There is a bayram this weekend.
And yes, specific bayrams can be capitalized.
"Bu hafta sonu bayram." - This weekend is bayram.
"Bu hafta sonu bayram var." - There is a bayram this weekend.
And yes, specific bayrams can be capitalized.
Maciek
Thanx
